Jing Li

Purpose To investigate the longitudinal relationship between university students’ subjective exercise experiences and their physical exercise behavior using a cross-lagged research design, and to analyze the moderating role of motivational beliefs in this relationship. Methods A one-year, two-stage longitudinal questionnaire survey was conducted among 422 university students in Jiangxi Province (52.6% male, mean age = 18.29 ± 0.632 years) using the Subjective Exercise Experience Scale, the Adolescent Physical Activity Scale, the Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale and the Perceived Value of Exercise Scale. Results (1) Gender differences were observed in both subjective exercise experience and physical exercise behavior across the two phases; male participants scored higher on average than female participants across all measures. (2) There was a significant positive correlation between subjective exercise experience and physical exercise behavior among university students. (3) Results from a cross-lagged model controlling for gender indicated that subjective exercise experience at T1 significantly and positively predicted physical exercise behavior at T2 ( β = 0.385, p < 0.001), and physical exercise behavior at T1 significantly and positively predicted subjective exercise experience at T2 ( β = 0.336, p < 0.001). (4) Motivational beliefs exerted a significant positive moderating effect on both cross-lagged pathways. Conclusion Gender differences exist in both subjective exercise experience and physical exercise behavior among university students; there is a longitudinal relationship across time between subjective exercise experience and physical exercise behavior; and motivational beliefs exert a significant moderating effect on the prospective predictive pathways between subjective exercise experience and physical exercise behavior.

Introduction The occupational well-being of rural preschool teachers is important for their professional development, mental health, and the quality of preschool education. However, persistent resource constraints in rural education may pose challenges to teachers’ occupational well-being. This study examined the association between occupational stress and occupational well-being among rural preschool teachers, focusing on the indirect role of job burnout and the moderating role of professional identity. Methods A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among 3,228 rural preschool teachers in Zhejiang Province, China, of whom 98.8% were women. Participants completed validated measures of occupational stress, job burnout, professional identity, and occupational well-being. The hypothesized associations were examined using a moderated mediation model. Results Occupational stress was significantly and negatively associated with occupational well-being. A significant indirect association between occupational stress and occupational well-being was observed through job burnout, while the direct association remained significant. Professional identity moderated the association between occupational stress and job burnout: this positive association was weaker, but remained statistically significant, at higher levels of professional identity. However, professional identity did not moderate the direct association between occupational stress and occupational well-being. Discussion The findings suggest that professional identity may serve as a modest personal resource that attenuates the association between occupational stress and job burnout. They also highlight the importance of reducing job demands and strengthening organizational resources to support the occupational well-being of rural preschool teachers.

مقدمه: بهزیستی شغلی معلمان پیش‌دبستانی روستایی برای توسعه حرفه‌ای، سلامت روان و کیفیت آموزش پیش‌دبستانی آنان اهمیت دارد. با این حال، محدودیت‌های مداوم منابع در آموزش روستایی ممکن است چالش‌هایی برای بهزیستی شغلی معلمان ایجاد کند. این پژوهش به بررسی ارتباط بین استرس شغلی و بهزیستی شغلی در میان معلمان پیش‌دبستانی روستایی پرداخت و نقش غیرمستقیم فرسودگی شغلی و نقش تعدیل‌گر هویت حرفه‌ای را مورد توجه قرار داد. روش‌ها: یک پیمایش مقطعی با پرسشنامه در میان ۳٬۲۲۸ معلم پیش‌دبستانی روستایی در استان ژجیانگ چین انجام شد که ۹۸٫۸٪ آنان زن بودند. شرکت‌کنندگان ابزارهای معتبر سنجش استرس شغلی، فرسودگی شغلی، هویت حرفه‌ای و بهزیستی شغلی را تکمیل کردند. ارتباطات فرض‌شده با استفاده از مدل میانجی‌گری تعدیل‌شده مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج: استرس شغلی با بهزیستی شغلی رابطه منفی و معناداری داشت. یک ارتباط غیرمستقیم معنادار بین استرس شغلی و بهزیستی شغلی از طریق فرسودگی شغلی مشاهده شد، در حالی که ارتباط مستقیم نیز معنادار باقی ماند. هویت حرفه‌ای ارتباط بین استرس شغلی و فرسودگی شغلی را تعدیل کرد: این ارتباط مثبت در سطوح بالاتر هویت حرفه‌ای ضعیف‌تر، اما همچنان از نظر آماری معنادار بود. با این حال، هویت حرفه‌ای ارتباط مستقیم بین استرس شغلی و بهزیستی شغلی را تعدیل نکرد. بحث: یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که هویت حرفه‌ای می‌تواند به عنوان یک منبع شخصی محدود، ارتباط بین استرس شغلی و فرسودگی شغلی را تضعیف کند. همچنین اهمیت کاهش تقاضاهای شغلی و تقویت منابع سازمانی برای حمایت از بهزیستی شغلی معلمان پیش‌دبستانی روستایی را برجسته می‌کند.