Purpose: This study aims to identify the factors influencing teachers’ job satisfaction using a middle school in Dazhou City, Sichuan Province, China. Research design, data and methodology: A quantitative research design was adopted. Questionnaire surveys were distributed to 90 teachers at a middle school in Tongchuan District using stratified random sampling. Multiple linear regression was used to examine the relationships between working hours, work pressure, organizational commitment, teacher self-efficacy, teacher career motivation, and job satisfaction. In addition, a 16-week strategic planning program was implemented with 30 teachers to improve job satisfaction. Paired sample t-tests were applied to compare the pre- and post-intervention results. Results: The multiple linear regression results show that organizational commitment, teacher career motivation, and teacher self-efficacy have significant positive effects on job satisfaction. Working hours and work pressure do not show significant direct effects in the regression model. After the program implementation, the paired sample t-test results indicate significant improvements in working hours, work pressure, organizational commitment, teacher self-efficacy, teacher career motivation, and overall job satisfaction. Conclusions: The findings suggest that school management practices that strengthen organizational commitment, support teachers’ professional motivation, and improve working conditions can enhance teachers’ job satisfaction. Practical actions such as flexible work arrangements, professional development opportunities, and participatory school governance may help improve teachers’ workplace experiences and support sustainable educational development.
Purpose: This study examines the determinants of student satisfaction with graduation art creation courses among senior undergraduate students in public universities in Sichuan, China. Drawing on established service quality and student satisfaction frameworks, the study proposes and tests a structural model incorporating Curriculum, Teaching Quality, Service Quality, Service Innovation, Perceived Value, Student Engagement, and Student Satisfaction. A quantitative cross-sectional survey was conducted with 502 final-year students from three public universities selected through two-stage stratified proportional sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling with maximum likelihood estimation. The findings indicate that Curriculum, Teaching Quality, Perceived Value, Student Engagement, and Service Innovation have significant positive direct effects on Student Satisfaction. Notably, Service Quality exerted a significant indirect effect on Student Satisfaction through Perceived Value, rather than a direct effect, with an indirect effect size of 0.066. Among all predictors, Perceived Value emerged as the strongest determinant of overall satisfaction. The findings highlight Perceived Value as a central mediating mechanism through which institutional and instructional factors influence graduating art students' overall educational experience.
Purpose: Although leadership behaviors have been widely examined in relation to teacher outcomes, limited empirical research has explored how different leadership dimensions influence teachers’ morale within highly centralized educational systems such as Thailand’s primary education sector. Existing studies have often emphasized administrative control and procedural compliance, while comparatively less attention has been given to the role of relationship-oriented leadership behaviors in sustaining teachers’ morale within centralized administrative contexts. This study therefore examines the relationship between leadership behaviors within educational administration and teachers’ morale in Thai primary schools in central Thailand. Research design, data and methodology: This study employed a quantitative research design using a survey approach. Data were collected from 417 teachers and educational personnel working in primary schools across central Thailand through anonymous self-administered questionnaires. Leadership behaviors were categorized into task-oriented and relationship-oriented dimensions, while teachers’ morale was examined through Herzberg’s Motivation-Hygiene Theory. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were employed to examine the relationships between leadership behaviors and teachers’ morale. Results: The findings revealed that both task-oriented and relationship-oriented leadership behaviors were positively associated with teachers’ morale. Relationship-oriented leadership behaviors, particularly motivation and participation, demonstrated stronger predictive influence on teachers’ morale than task-oriented dimensions such as planning and supervision. The regression model explained a substantial proportion of variance in teachers’ morale, indicating that interpersonal and participatory leadership practices play an important role within centralized educational environments. Conclusions: The study contributes empirical evidence to educational administration research by demonstrating that leadership effectiveness within centralized educational systems may involve not only administrative coordination and policy implementation but also relationship-oriented leadership practices that support teachers’ professional well-being. The findings further suggest that balancing organizational structure with human-centered leadership may help sustain teachers’ morale within Thai primary schools.
