Weight gain

Objectives: The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) infection has affected the lives of all strata of society since its beginning. To control the spread of the disease, a lockdown was imposed. During this time, there was a substantial increase in the usage of gadgets and reduction in outdoor activities because of online studies that resulted in serious the mental health issues, especially in the paediatric population. Material and Methods: To study the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on screen time, playtime and behaviour of the students, the study was conducted on 153 subjects of 4–18 years age group attending the outpatient department, over a period of 3 months. A questionnaire format of ten questions was framed that was asked from the children or from their parents/guardians. This study included questions such as time spent on online classes, self-study or study with parents and gadgets used for the online classes. Results: Most of the children were students of classes upper kinder garden and I, comprising 19.0% and 18.3%, respectively. Females outnumbered males in the study. Weight gain was observed in 43.8%, and signs of irritability were observed in 68.0% of the children. Weight gain showed a statistically significant correlation with the duration of online classes, indoor and outdoor playtime with p-values of 0.044, <0.005 and 0.005, respectively. There was also a statistically significant correlation between change in behaviour with outdoor playtime and sleep timings with p < 0.005 and 0.019, respectively. Conclusion: This study concluded that there was a significant increase in screen time and a decrease in outdoor play activities during the time of COVID-19 pandemic with a statistically significant correlation with the weight gain and change in behaviour of the children.

OBJECTIVE: Food noise has been studied with GLP-1-based therapies, but not with metabolic bariatric surgery (MBS), despite shared mechanisms. Data on food noise beyond initial weight loss are limited, and weight self-stigma (WSS), which links to poorer weight outcomes and risky behaviors after MBS, may relate to higher food noise, especially during weight stabilization. This study investigates whether WSS is associated with increased food noise during stable weight following MBS. METHODS: Adults who remained weight stable following MBS completed the Weight Self-Stigma Questionnaire (WSSQ) and Food Noise Questionnaire (FNQ). Multivariable linear regression examined associations between WSSQ scores (total and self-devaluation/fear of enacted stigma subscales) and FNQ scores. RESULTS: Participants (n = 60) were 13.3 ± 4.5 months post surgery, with a maximum weight loss of 24.8% ± 8.4%. Higher WSSQ total (B = 0.29, p = 0.001) and self-devaluation subscale (B = 0.36, p = 0.021) scores were associated with higher FNQ scores. CONCLUSIONS: Food noise increased with higher WSS, particularly among individuals reporting greater self-devaluation due to weight during postoperative weight stability. Further research should map this relationship across postoperative weight stages, test causal direction, and identify mechanisms. Because WSS and food noise can undermine health behaviors, weight loss, and health gains after MBS, routine screening and integrated clinical interventions may be warranted.

هدف: نویز غذایی در درمان‌های مبتنی بر GLP-1 مورد مطالعه قرار گرفته است، اما با وجود مکانیسم‌های مشترک، در جراحی متابولیک چاقی (MBS) بررسی نشده است. داده‌ها دربارهٔ نویز غذایی فراتر از کاهش وزن اولیه محدود هستند و انگ خود‌وزنی (WSS) که با پیامدهای ضعیف‌تر وزنی و رفتارهای پرخطر پس از MBS مرتبط است، ممکن است با نویز غذایی بالاتر، به‌ویژه در دورهٔ پایداری وزن، ارتباط داشته باشد. این مطالعه بررسی می‌کند که آیا WSS با افزایش نویز غذایی در دورهٔ پایداری وزن پس از MBS مرتبط است یا خیر. روش‌ها: بزرگسالانی که پس از MBS وزن پایداری داشتند، پرسشنامهٔ انگ خود‌وزنی (WSSQ) و پرسشنامهٔ نویز غذایی (FNQ) را تکمیل کردند. رگرسیون خطی چندمتغیره ارتباط بین نمرات WSSQ (کل و زیرمقیاس‌های خودتحقیری/ترس از انگ اعمال‌شده) و نمرات FNQ را بررسی کرد. نتایج: شرکت‌کنندگان (n = 60) به طور میانگین ۱۳٫۳ ± ۴٫۵ ماه پس از جراحی بودند و بیشینهٔ کاهش وزن آن‌ها ۲۴٫۸٪ ± ۸٫۴٪ بود. نمرات بالاتر کل WSSQ (B = 0.29, p = 0.001) و زیرمقیاس خودتحقیری (B = 0.36, p = 0.021) با نمرات بالاتر FNQ ارتباط داشت. نتیجه‌گیری: نویز غذایی با افزایش WSS، به‌ویژه در میان افرادی که خودتحقیری بیشتری به دلیل وزن در دورهٔ پایداری وزن پس از عمل گزارش کردند، افزایش یافت. پژوهش‌های بیشتر باید این رابطه را در مراحل مختلف وزنی پس از عمل ترسیم کند، جهت علیت را بیازماید و سازوکارها را شناسایی کند. از آنجا که WSS و نویز غذایی می‌توانند رفتارهای سلامت، کاهش وزن و دستاوردهای سلامت پس از MBS را تضعیف کنند، غربالگری روتین و مداخلات بالینی یکپارچه ممکن است ضروری باشد.