guidance and counseling teachers

The professionalism of guidance and counseling (BK) teachers plays an important role in services that support students’ personal, social, academic, and career development. However, research on professional challenges, competencies, and development strategies for BK teachers tends to examine these three aspects separately without integrating ethical responsibilities. This article aimed to analyze BK teachers’ professionalism in the digital era, encompassing competencies, challenges and opportunities associated with technology use, and continuing competency development. The study employed a literature review method with a descriptive qualitative approach. Articles and documents published between 2020 and 2025 were retrieved through Google Scholar and Portal Garuda and analyzed thematically. The findings indicate that BK teachers’ professionalism rests on mastery of pedagogical, personal, social, and professional competencies, alongside continuing competency development. However, training and supervision remain limited in terms of duration, evaluation indicators, and monitoring, with a greater focus on professional competence. Digital technologies extend the reach of services but require digital competence and protection of client data confidentiality. The reviewed literature also indicates limited availability of standardized guidelines for online counseling in Indonesia. These findings provide an integrated perspective on BK teachers’ professionalism in the digital era, linking competency mastery, ethical responsibilities, and the ability to use technology. In practical terms, competency development for BK teachers needs to integrate digital competence and online counseling ethics through continuing training, supervision, and evaluation based on measurable indicators. Support from professional associations in developing online counseling guidelines is also needed to strengthen professional and responsible service delivery.

This study aims to analyze the role, implementation, challenges, and solutions regarding the "Seven BK Strategies" program (specifically the pillars of Maintaining Consistency, Managing Situations, and Managing Emotions) in fostering discipline, preventing bullying, and improving emotional control among students at SMA Negeri 3 Selong. The study employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Data sources included the School Principal, Guidance and Counseling (BK) teachers, homeroom teachers, subject teachers, and students. Structured interviews served as the primary data collection technique. Data validity was verified through source triangulation. The results indicate that: (1) The "Maintaining Consistency" strategy acts as an anchor for discipline through the habituation of the "3S" culture (Smile, Greet, and Salute) and the enforcement of educational sanctions; (2) The "Managing Situations" strategy effectively mitigates bullying through the engineering of physical and social environments, optimization of CCTV and "problem boxes," and the provision of a child-friendly counseling room; (3) The "Managing Emotions" strategy enhances student self-regulation through breathing relaxation techniques and individual counseling. The primary institutional challenge is the imbalance in the BK teacher ratio (two teachers serving approximately 800 students). Strategic solutions implemented include optimizing peer counseling, tightening supervision during class transition periods, and conducting home visit programs (door-to-door). Keywords: Seven Great BK Strategies, Character Building, Discipline.

هدف این پژوهش تحلیل نقش، اجرا، چالش‌ها و راه‌حل‌های مربوط به برنامه «هفت راهبرد بزرگ مشاوره و راهنمایی» (به‌ویژه ارکان حفظ ثبات، مدیریت موقعیت‌ها و مدیریت هیجان‌ها) در تقویت انضباط، پیشگیری از زورگویی و بهبود کنترل هیجانی در میان دانش‌آموزان دبیرستان دولتی شماره ۳ سلونگ است. این پژوهش با رویکرد کیفی و روش توصیفی انجام شده است. منابع داده شامل مدیر مدرسه، معلمان مشاوره و راهنمایی (BK)، معلمان راهنما، معلمان دروس و دانش‌آموزان بوده‌اند. مصاحبه‌های ساختاریافته به عنوان تکنیک اصلی گردآوری داده‌ها به کار رفته است. روایی داده‌ها از طریق مثلث‌سازی منابع مورد تأیید قرار گرفته است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد: (۱) راهبرد «حفظ ثبات» از طریق نهادینه‌سازی فرهنگ «۳S» (لبخند، سلام و احترام) و اعمال تنبیهات آموزشی به عنوان لنگر انضباط عمل می‌کند؛ (۲) راهبرد «مدیریت موقعیت‌ها» با مهندسی محیط‌های فیزیکی و اجتماعی، بهینه‌سازی دوربین‌های مداربسته (CCTV) و «جعبه‌های مشکل» و فراهم‌سازی اتاق مشاوره دوستدار کودک، به طور مؤثری از زورگویی پیشگیری می‌کند؛ (۳) راهبرد «مدیریت هیجان‌ها» با استفاده از تکنیک‌های آرام‌سازی تنفسی و مشاوره فردی، خودتنظیمی دانش‌آموزان را ارتقا می‌بخشد. چالش اصلی نهادی، عدم توازن نسبت معلمان BK (دو معلم برای حدود ۸۰۰ دانش‌آموز) است. راه‌حل‌های راهبردی اجراشده شامل بهینه‌سازی مشاوره همسالان، تشدید نظارت در زمان‌های جابه‌جایی کلاس و اجرای برنامه بازدید منزل (خانه به خانه) می‌باشد.