Arabic grammar

The emergence of generative artificial intelligence (Generative AI), such as ChatGPT, has brought significant changes to higher education, including Arabic language learning for non-native speakers (Arabic as a Foreign Language). Writing skills (Maharah al-Kitabah) are considered a relatively complex productive skill. Learners are required not only to master word formation (Sarf) and Arabic grammar (Nahwu), but also to organize ideas coherently and logically. This article employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach based on the PRISMA 2020 standards to map the use of ChatGPT in Arabic writing, examine the reliability of AI in Arabic grammar, and identify research gaps that remain underexplored. The review findings indicate that ChatGPT can serve as a useful writing partner (human-AI co-writer), particularly for generating ideas, enriching vocabulary, and correcting basic grammatical errors. However, AI still frequently produces errors or “hallucinations” when dealing with morphologically complex words, variations in Arabic dialects, and unvocalized texts. As a result, AI-generated writing may appear linguistically polished on the surface while containing grammatical inaccuracies. Furthermore, excessive reliance on AI may pose risks to academic integrity, while AI detection tools themselves often produce inaccurate results when identifying Arabic-language texts (false positives). This review also finds that existing research remains overly focused on English, tends to examine only the final writing outcomes without investigating students’ cognitive processes, and has paid limited attention to AI models specifically developed for the Arab region, such as ALLaM and Jais. Therefore, the approach to AI-assisted learning needs to shift from merely using AI toward purposeful and reflective utilization through frameworks such as the Spiral Learning Model and Genre-Based Pedagogy, so that AI functions as a scaffold without diminishing students’ autonomy and critical thinking.

This study aims to analyze language errors and problems in the presentation of materials in the latest edition of Al Muyassar Fii ‘Ilmin Nahwi, Volume 2. This study is based on the importance of accuracy in Arabic grammar textbooks and previous findings of errors in Volume 1, which show the need to evaluate the following volume. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with content analysis. The data were collected by examining the texts, examples, tables, and exercises in Volume 2 of Al Muyassar. The data were then classified according to the types of errors and compared with the previous edition to identify patterns and changes. The results show that syntactic errors were the most common, accounting for 34% of the findings. Spelling (imlā’) and morphological errors each accounted for 19%, semantic errors accounted for 8%, and other types of errors accounted for 20%. In addition to language errors, the study also found problems related to the completeness of the materials, the classification of examples, the accuracy of quotations from the Qur’an and hadith, and the presentation of the content. A comparison with the previous edition showed that approximately 57% of the findings in the latest edition were not found in the earlier version. This indicates the need for stricter checks during text reproduction, editing, and digitization. These findings suggest that each volume of Al Muyassar needs to be evaluated separately because the problems found in each volume are not entirely the same. This study recommends a multi-stage editing and verification process covering syntax, morphology, spelling, semantics, material presentation, and source quotations to ensure that Volume 2 is more accurate and suitable for use as an Arabic grammar textbook.

The revitalization of Qur’anic education has become increasingly important in responding to the broader educational needs of contemporary society. This study examines how Rumah Qur’an Al-Azhar Al-Syarif in Indonesia revitalizes Qur’anic education through BARAKAT (Bimbingan Ragam Kreativitas dan Asah Talenta), a program designed to develop students’ interests and talents beyond conventional Qur’anic learning. The program encompasses six areas: Qur’anic recitation (tilawah), Islamic devotional performance (habsyi), calligraphy, Arabic grammar and morphology (nahwu-sharaf), archery, and karate. Using a qualitative case study approach, this research explores the program’s educational contributions based on participants’ experiences and reported changes in learning behavior and social engagement. The findings indicate that BARAKAT is perceived to support students’ learning motivation, reflected in more consistent attendance, greater discipline, increased enthusiasm for practice, and reported improvements in Qur’anic memorization. The program is also associated with enhanced social readiness, particularly confidence in public performance, teamwork, empathy, solidarity, and respect for differences. These findings suggest that integrating interest- and talent-based activities into Qur’anic education may broaden its educational role beyond religious knowledge acquisition to include personal development and social competencies. This study contributes to discussions on the revitalization of non-formal Islamic education by highlighting the potential of structured extracurricular programs to connect Qur’anic learning with students’ broader developmental needs.

احیای آموزش قرآنی در پاسخ به نیازهای گسترده‌تر آموزشی جامعه معاصر اهمیت فزاینده‌ای یافته است. این پژوهش بررسی می‌کند که چگونه Rumah Qur’an Al-Azhar Al-Syarif در اندونزی آموزش قرآنی را از طریق برنامه BARAKAT (راهنمایی تنوع خلاقیت و پرورش استعداد)، که با هدف توسعه علاقه‌ها و استعدادهای دانش‌آموزان فراتر از آموزش قرآنی متعارف طراحی شده است، احیا می‌کند. این برنامه شش حوزه را در بر می‌گیرد: تلاوت قرآن (تلاوه)، اجرای عبادی اسلامی (حبشی)، خوشنویسی، دستور و صرف و نحو عربی (نحو-صرف)، تیراندازی با کمان و کاراته. با استفاده از رویکرد مطالعه موردی کیفی، این پژوهش به بررسی مشارکت‌های آموزشی این برنامه بر اساس تجارب شرکت‌کنندگان و تغییرات گزارش‌شده در رفتار یادگیری و تعاملات اجتماعی می‌پردازد. یافته‌ها نشان می‌دهد که BARAKAT به عنوان عاملی در حمایت از انگیزه یادگیری دانش‌آموزان تلقی می‌شود که این امر در حضور منظم‌تر، انضباط بیشتر، اشتیاق افزون‌تر برای تمرین و بهبود گزارش‌شده در حفظ قرآن منعکس شده است. همچنین این برنامه با آمادگی اجتماعی بیشتر، به‌ویژه اعتماد به نفس در اجراهای عمومی، کار گروهی، همدلی، همبستگی و احترام به تفاوت‌ها مرتبط است. این یافته‌ها حاکی از آن است که ادغام فعالیت‌های مبتنی بر علاقه و استعداد در آموزش قرآنی می‌تواند نقش آموزشی آن را فراتر از کسب دانش دینی به توسعه فردی و شایستگی‌های اجتماعی گسترش دهد. این پژوهش با برجسته‌کردن ظرفیت برنامه‌های فوق‌برنامه ساختاریافته برای پیوند آموزش قرآنی با نیازهای توسعه‌ای گسترده‌تر دانش‌آموزان، به بحث‌های مربوط به احیای آموزش اسلامی غیررسمی کمک می‌کند.