stress coping

Preparing for the Civil Services Examination is long, costly, and uncertain, yet little research has listened to aspirants in India's Tier 2 cities. This descriptive survey asked 523 aspirants enrolled in coaching in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, about their stress, coping, attitudes to professional mental-health support, and the support their institutions offer. More than half (55.8%) called the past month very or extremely stressful, and financial strain, family expectations, and fear of judgement were prominent. Aspirants coped through peers, breaks, and planning, yet 84.3% felt they had not found a strategy that worked. Most (90.6%) thought professional help reasonable, but only 23.9% had used it, mainly held back by fear of peer judgement, cost, and confidentiality worries. Most (84.1%) rated stress-related support from their institutions as inadequate or absent. The findings are descriptive, not causal, and suggest support should change the conditions of preparation as well as strengthen individual coping.

The article is devoted to substantiating the structural components of stress resilience of future managers in the process of professional training in institutions of professional pre- higher education. The relevance of the study is determined by the growing demands on the professional activity of a modern manager, which is characterized by high responsibility, the dynamic nature of management processes, the need for prompt decision-making, constructive interaction with people, and effective functioning under conditions of constant change and psycho- emotional workload. Based on the analysis of scientific sources, it has been established that there is no unified approach to determining the structure of stress resilience in contemporary psychological and pedagogical literature. Depending on their conceptual foundations, researchers focus on its emotional, cognitive, behavioral, motivational, and personal characteristics. In this study, stress resilience is considered as a form of psychological resilience that ensures an individual’s ability to adapt effectively to the influence of stressors, maintain the productivity of professional activity, and act constructively in complex managerial situations. The author’s structure of stress resilience of future managers has been substantiated, comprising motivational-value, cognitive- behavioral, emotional-regulatory, and reflexive-communicative components. It has been established that the motivational-value component determines an individual’s orientation towards developing their own stress resilience and awareness of its professional significance; the cognitive-behavioral component characterizes the level of knowledge about the nature of stress and the ability to apply effective ways of coping with it; the emotional-regulatory component ensures self-control, emotional balance, and the ability to act under conditions of psychological tension; the reflexive-communicative component is associated with self-analysis of professional activity, constructive interaction within a team, and readiness for personal and professional self-improvement. The proposed component structure can be used as a theoretical basis for developing criteria, indicators, pedagogical conditions, and a model for developing stress resilience in future managers.

Background: Spouses of persons with psychosis carry a distinct caregiving burden, but Indian studies often group them with other relatives. The study aims to assess anxiety and stress among spouses of persons with psychosis, examine their association with coping and family functioning, and explore differences by gender and marriage duration. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional analytical study, 80 spouses (32 men, 48 women) were recruited by purposive sampling at a tertiary psychiatric hospital in Goa. Anxiety and stress were measured with DASS-21 subscales, family functioning with the General Functioning subscale of the McMaster Family Assessment Device (FAD-GF), and coping with a 10-item researcher-constructed questionnaire. Results: Severe or extremely severe anxiety was reported by 95.0% of spouses, while 86.3% had moderate stress. Anxiety (ρ = 0.31, p = 0.005) and stress (ρ = 0.42, p < 0.001) were positively correlated with FAD-GF scores, indicating poorer family functioning with greater psychological distress. Coping scores were negatively correlated with anxiety (ρ = −0.27, p = 0.015) and FAD-GF scores (ρ = −0.30, p = 0.007), indicating that lower coping scores, defined as more frequent and effective coping, were unexpectedly associated with greater anxiety and poorer family functioning. The correlation between coping and stress was not statistically significant (ρ = −0.21, p = 0.062). Women reported higher anxiety than men (p = 0.047). Family functioning differed across marriage-duration groups (p = 0.036), although no pairwise differences remained significant after Bonferroni correction. Conclusion: Severe anxiety was very common among spouses and was associated with poorer family functioning. Because the design is cross-sectional, the sample is small and from one centre, and the coping scale is not validated, the findings show association only. Routine assessment of spouses and family-focused support are indicated. Keywords: Spouses; psychosis; anxiety; stress; coping; family functioning

PURPOSE: Research on coping and parental well-being among Asian parents of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) remains limited. This study examined parenting stress, coping strategies, and psychological well-being among Chinese parents in Hong Kong raising children with ASD, compared to parents of typically developing (TD) children. METHODS: A total of 92 Chinese parents in Hong Kong participated in the survey, including 42 parents of children with ASD. Standardized measures were used to assess parenting stress, coping, and psychological well-being. RESULTS: Findings revealed that Chinese parents of children with ASD experienced significantly higher levels of parenting stress, anxiety and depression compared to parents of TD children. They reported using a broad range of coping strategies, including problem-focused, emotion-focused and dysfunctional coping. Subgroup analyses based on educational attainment and household income revealed that elevated parenting stress was consistent across all education levels. Notably, parents at both the highest and lowest ends of each category of education and income reported poorer psychological well-being. Differences in coping strategies between ASD and TD groups were generally not significant, except among parents with mid-range levels of household income and education. CONCLUSION: These findings highlight the urgent need to address parenting stress and psychological well-being among Chinese parents in Hong Kong raising children with ASD, irrespective of socioeconomic background. By situating the study within the Hong Kong cultural context, the research underscores the importance of culturally specific support interventions tailored to the diverse challenges faced by families and extends the broader literature.

هدف: پژوهش‌ها درباره مقابله و بهزیستی والدینی در میان والدین آسیایی کودکان دارای اختلال طیف اوتیسم (ASD) همچنان محدود است. این مطالعه به بررسی استرس والدگری، راهبردهای مقابله‌ای و بهزیستی روان‌شناختی در میان والدین چینی ساکن هنگ‌کنگ که کودکان دارای ASD را پرورش می‌دهند، در مقایسه با والدین کودکان با رشد طبیعی (TD) پرداخت. روش‌ها: در مجموع ۹۲ والد چینی در هنگ‌کنگ در این پیمایش شرکت کردند که شامل ۴۲ والد کودک دارای ASD بود. ابزارهای استاندارد برای سنجش استرس والدگری، مقابله و بهزیستی روان‌شناختی به کار رفت. یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که والدین چینی کودکان دارای ASD به طور معناداری سطوح بالاتری از استرس والدگری، اضطراب و افسردگی را نسبت به والدین کودکان TD تجربه کردند. آن‌ها گزارش دادند که از طیف وسیعی از راهبردهای مقابله‌ای، از جمله مقابله متمرکز بر مسئله، مقابله متمرکز بر هیجان و مقابله ناکارآمد استفاده می‌کنند. تحلیل‌های زیرگروهی بر اساس میزان تحصیلات و درآمد خانوار نشان داد که استرس والدگری بالا در تمامی سطوح تحصیلی ثابت بود. به طور قابل توجهی، والدین در هر دو انتهای بالاترین و پایین‌ترین هر دسته از تحصیلات و درآمد، بهزیستی روان‌شناختی ضعیف‌تری را گزارش کردند. تفاوت‌های راهبردهای مقابله‌ای بین گروه‌های ASD و TD عموماً معنادار نبود، به جز در میان والدین با سطوح متوسط درآمد خانوار و تحصیلات. نتیجه‌گیری: این یافته‌ها بر ضرورت فوری پرداختن به استرس والدگری و بهزیستی روان‌شناختی در میان والدین چینی ساکن هنگ‌کنگ که کودکان دارای ASD را پرورش می‌دهند، صرف‌نظر از زمینه اجتماعی-اقتصادی، تأکید می‌کند. با قرار دادن مطالعه در بستر فرهنگی هنگ‌کنگ، پژوهش بر اهمیت مداخلات حمایتی خاص فرهنگی متناسب با چالش‌های متنوع خانواده‌ها تأکید می‌کند و ادبیات گسترده‌تر را گسترش می‌دهد.

Background Concerns about teacher stress, burnout, and attrition have led to increased international attention to teacher resilience in education research. This study investigates how teachers in Malaysia, Japan, Nigeria, Uganda, and Vietnam support resilience through their perceptions of teacher professional identity (TPI). Methods Comparative discourse analysis based on quantitative ethnography (QE) and epistemic network analysis (ENA) was used to identify cross-cultural discourse patterns and thematically evaluate teacher utterances related to stress, coping methods, support systems, and notions of resilience. Results The findings demonstrate that resilience is not only developed as an individual skill, but also through culturally and socially rooted understandings of TPI. Teachers from Japan and Vietnam focused on systemic navigation and emotional regulation, while teachers from Nigeria and Uganda focused on spirituality and moral leadership. Malaysian instructors have a mixed approach that blends strategic adaptation and community-centric principles. Conclusions The study highlights the need for contextually relevant and localized methods of professional development that are sensitive to teachers’ identities and contextual realities.

زمینه و هدف: نگرانی‌ها درباره استرس، فرسودگی شغلی و ترک خدمت معلمان موجب افزایش توجه بین‌المللی به تاب‌آوری معلمان در پژوهش‌های آموزشی شده است. این مطالعه بررسی می‌کند که چگونه معلمان در مالزی، ژاپن، نیجریه، اوگاندا و ویتنام از طریق ادراکات خود از هویت حرفه‌ای معلم (TPI) به حمایت از تاب‌آوری می‌پردازند. روش‌ها: تحلیل گفتمان تطبیقی مبتنی بر قوم‌نگاری کمی (QE) و تحلیل شبکه معرفتی (ENA) برای شناسایی الگوهای گفتمانی میان‌فرهنگی و ارزیابی موضوعی اظهارات معلمان مرتبط با استرس، روش‌های مقابله، نظام‌های حمایتی و مفاهیم تاب‌آوری به کار گرفته شد. یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان می‌دهد که تاب‌آوری نه تنها به عنوان یک مهارت فردی توسعه می‌یابد، بلکه از طریق درک‌های ریشه‌دار فرهنگی و اجتماعی از هویت حرفه‌ای معلم نیز شکل می‌گیرد. معلمان ژاپن و ویتنام بر پیمایش نظام‌مند و تنظیم هیجانی تمرکز داشتند، در حالی که معلمان نیجریه و اوگاندا بر معنویت و رهبری اخلاقی تأکید کردند. مدرسان مالزی رویکردی ترکیبی دارند که سازگاری راهبردی و اصول جامعه‌محور را در هم می‌آمیزد. نتیجه‌گیری: این مطالعه بر ضرورت روش‌های توسعه حرفه‌ای بومی و متناسب با زمینه که نسبت به هویت و واقعیت‌های زمینه‌ای معلمان حساس باشد، تأکید می‌کند.