professional perceptions

Emotional self-regulation is an aspect of interest in mathematics learning given the emotional experiences associated with difficulties and errors; therefore, the study aimed to understand educational professionals’ perceptions of this phenomenon. The research was conducted using a qualitative approach, within the interpretive paradigm, and employing a descriptive-interpretive design. It involved a mathematics teacher, a psychologist, and an educational psychologist, who participated in asynchronous, semi-structured interviews. The data were analyzed through coding and triangulation of sources. The findings showed that the professionals attribute significance to emotional experiences in the face of mathematical difficulties and recognize resources related to academic coping and self-confidence, in addition to situating emotional support, guidance, feedback, and the learning environment within these experiences. These results align with previous studies that acknowledge emotional and pedagogical components related to mathematics learning, although the present study interprets them from the perspective of professional perceptions. It is concluded that participants understand emotional self-regulation as a process related to managing emotional responses to mathematical challenges, situated within a context of personal, academic, and pedagogical support resources.

Identifying the perceptions of service users and professionals regarding mental health services is key to understanding the gap between the supply of and demand for care. This systematic review (PRISMA 2020; EBSCOhost, SAGE Journals, Taylor & Francis Online, and SciELO; 2010–2025) identified these perceptions and the accessibility of services. Thirty-three studies were included and synthesized through thematic and narrative analysis, from which five cross-cutting themes and four population groups emerged. Users and professionals converge in an unfavorable perception of access and in identifying structural barriers (cost, waiting times, fragmentation, staff shortages), but diverge in how they situate suffering: individual and psychobiological for professionals, social and cultural for users. Stigma falls less on distress than on the act of seeking consultation, and its institutional dimension is reported almost exclusively by those who experience it, whereas professionals locate it in the community. Despite community-oriented regulatory frameworks, services remain hospital-based and regulated by severity, while community care practices emerge outside the system. These results call for a participatory and culturally situated approach that recognizes users’ knowledge and integrates sociocultural barriers into the design and evaluation of services.

شناسایی ادراک‌های کاربران خدمات و متخصصان نسبت به خدمات سلامت روان، کلید درک شکاف میان عرضه و تقاضای مراقبت است. این مرور نظام‌مند (PRISMA 2020؛ EBSCOhost، SAGE Journals، Taylor & Francis Online و SciELO؛ ۲۰۱۰–۲۰۲۵) به شناسایی این ادراک‌ها و دسترسی‌پذیری خدمات پرداخت. سی‌وسه مطالعه وارد مرور شده و از طریق تحلیل موضوعی و روایی ترکیب شدند که از آن‌ها پنج مضمون مشترک و چهار گروه جمعیتی استخراج شد. کاربران و متخصصان در ادراک نامطلوب از دسترسی و شناسایی موانع ساختاری (هزینه، زمان انتظار، پراکندگی، کمبود نیروی انسانی) هم‌نظر هستند، اما در نحوه تبیین رنج تفاوت دارند: برای متخصصان، فردی و روان‌زیستی و برای کاربران، اجتماعی و فرهنگی است. انگ کمتر متوجه تجربه رنج است تا اقدام به جستجوی مشاوره، و بُعد نهادی آن تقریباً منحصراً توسط تجربه‌کنندگان گزارش می‌شود، در حالی که متخصصان آن را در جامعه می‌بینند. علی‌رغم چارچوب‌های مقرراتی مبتنی بر جامعه، خدمات همچنان بیمارستان‌محور و مبتنی بر شدت باقی مانده‌اند، در حالی که رویه‌های مراقبت اجتماعی خارج از نظام ظهور می‌یابند. این نتایج بر رویکردی مشارکتی و مبتنی بر زمینه فرهنگی تأکید دارد که دانش کاربران را به رسمیت شناخته و موانع اجتماعی‌فرهنگی را در طراحی و ارزیابی خدمات ادغام می‌کند.