This study aims to explore the moderated mediation mechanism of sport confidence and coaching style in the relationship between competitive state anxiety and perceived performance among Chinese elite collegiate basketball athletes. Specifically, data were collected from 315 valid participants across 15 universities in Northeast China using validated scales, and SPSS 26.0 with PROCESS Macro (Model 7) and bootstrap (5,000 samples) were employed for analysis. Results indicated that competitive state anxiety significantly negatively affected perceived performance. Further analysis revealed that sport confidence mediated this relationship. The moderated mediation test showed that coaching style dimensions differentially regulated the path: the indices of moderated mediation for Training and Instruction, Democratic Behavior, Social Support, and Positive Feedback were significant, indicating these supportive dimensions attenuated the detrimental effect of anxiety on sport confidence. In contrast, Autocratic Behavior failed to moderate the process. Collectively, competitive state anxiety is negatively associated with perceived performance in this population, with sport confidence emerging as a key mediator. Notably, the four constructive coaching style dimensions—not the overall style—buffer the first stage of mediation by weakening the negative association between anxiety and confidence. These results underscore sport confidence as a critical mediator and highlight the need to foster confidence and adopt supportive coaching to mitigate anxiety’s adverse effects on perceived performance.
Achievement goal orientation theory has become popular, as it interprets students’ academic attitudes and behavior. The present research aims to investigate the variation in teachers’ perceived goals in relation to achievement goals in different grades, as well as the emergence of the multiple goal theory. Participants were junior high school students who responded to a self-report questionnaire. The instrument used was the Patterns of Adaptive Learning Scales (PALS). The results revealed that mastery and performance goals behave as a network of interacting variables that essentially represent their coexistence, as well as their individual variations and specificities in relation to other variables. However, a significant distinction between mastery goals and perceived mastery goals with performance goals and perceived performance goals became apparent for each individual grade. The present research contributes to the theoretical development of the field, while in practice it highlights the combination of goals in school reality.
نظریه جهت‌گیری هدف پیشرفت به دلیل تفسیر نگرش‌ها و رفتارهای تحصیلی دانش‌آموزان، محبوبیت یافته است. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تفاوت اهداف ادراک‌شده معلمان در ارتباط با اهداف پیشرفت در پایه‌های مختلف تحصیلی و همچنین ظهور نظریه اهداف چندگانه انجام شده است. شرکت‌کنندگان، دانش‌آموزان دوره راهنمایی بودند که به یک پرسشنامه خودگزارشی پاسخ دادند. ابزار مورد استفاده، مقیاس‌های الگوهای یادگیری سازگارانه (PALS) بود. نتایج نشان داد که اهداف تسلط و عملکرد به‌عنوان شبکه‌ای از متغیرهای متعامل عمل می‌کنند که اساساً همزیستی آن‌ها و همچنین تفاوت‌ها و ویژگی‌های فردی آن‌ها را در ارتباط با سایر متغیرها نمایان می‌سازد. با این حال، تمایز معناداری میان اهداف تسلط و اهداف تسلط ادراک‌شده با اهداف عملکرد و اهداف عملکرد ادراک‌شده برای هر پایه تحصیلی به طور مجزا آشکار شد. پژوهش حاضر به توسعه نظری این حوزه کمک می‌کند و در عمل، ترکیب اهداف در واقعیت مدرسه را برجسته می‌سازد.
