sexual function

Background Trans, non-binary and gender diverse (TNBGD) sexual function has historically been narrowly defined as physical capacities following medical and surgical gender affirming (GA) interventions; and this population's sexual health has been researched more in terms of external influences considered risky rather than being founded in individuals' desires and needs. This can produce discrepancies between services and people who access them. This study explores the service-related barriers, facilitators and compensatory strategies for TNBGD people seeking healthcare related to sexual function. Methods Based on qualitative interview data from n = 19 TNBGD adults in the UK, the dataset was deductively analyzed using Levesque's framework of healthcare access. Results TNBGD people face barriers in distance and transport to appropriate sexual health services, overlaps between sexual healthcare and GA services, and limits in professionals' TNBGD specific knowledge and cultural competence. To navigate these TNGBD people pursued independent knowledge acquisition, were selective during clinical interactions and access, and sought to meet their needs outside clinical settings. The analytical themes demonstrate varied barriers and their interrelatedness. For example, acceptability of a service was informed by the appropriateness of clinician's knowledge and interactions. In turn, TNBGD people's anticipation of un (der) met needs motivated compensatory measures, such as seeking information online or from peers before approaching formal services or sometimes instead of approaching them. Conclusions Healthcare services' design and delivery can present significant barriers to TNBGD adults seeking healthcare to support their sexual function. Providers' ways of interacting may offset some of the barriers and TNBGD adults may deploy strategies that enable them to access care that leads to satisfactory health outcomes. However, while significant barriers persist, TNBGD adults are liable to have unmet needs and consequent health inequalities.

Introduction Research on associations between pornography viewing and sexual violence has been limited by the absence of validated instruments that differentiate exposure along a violence continuum within pornographic practices, with existing measures focused on consumption frequency or problematic patterns rather than on the specific content consumed. The Pornography Violence Exposure Scale (PVES) was developed to assess exposure to pornographic content graded across three violence levels: non-violent material and domination-without-pain (Level 1), coercive content (Level 2), and explicit physical aggression (Level 3). Methods A cross-sectional study with 2,181 Spanish young adults aged 18–35 years who reported viewing pornography examined factor structure, measurement invariance across sex and age, convergent, nomological, and incremental validity, and discriminative capacity for sexual violence outcomes via Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results A bifactor model demonstrated good fit (CFI = 0.978, TLI = 0.957, RMSEA = 0.076), with a dominant general factor (ωH = 0.84, ECV = 0.81) capturing graded exposure to violent content. Strict measurement invariance was supported across sex and age groups. Convergent correlations with sexual violence outcomes (mean | r | = 0.24) substantially exceeded near-zero nomological associations with sexual function and partner-evaluation indicators (mean |r| = 0.03), and the general factor produced significant incremental validity for both victimization (Δ R 2 = 0.088) and perpetration (Δ R 2 = 0.200), with acceptable discrimination for perpetration (AUC = 0.753). Discussion The PVES is the first psychometrically validated instrument for measuring differentiated exposure to violent pornographic content, enabling more precise investigation of content-specific associations with sexual violence outcomes.

People perceive more symmetrical individuals as more attractive; therefore, facial symmetry has been linked to mate selection. Being perceived as more attractive could also increase women's indirect reproductive benefits that would follow from pronounced sexuality and enhanced mating. Sexuality can be examined either as long-term, through sociosexual orientation, or through current sexual activity and desire. This study explored the relationship between facial asymmetry and female sexuality, while taking into account a relationship status and, due to the potential differences in facial asymmetry between female from rural and urban areas, the place of residence. Long-term sexuality was measured with the three subscales of the Sociosexual Orientation Inventory (SOI-R): Behavior, Attitude, and Desire. Current sexual activity and desire were assessed with questions about their frequency and intensity (based on the Female Sexual Function Index). Simple correlations revealed a weak, negative association between facial asymmetry and the number of sexual partners in the last year (ρ = - .23, 95% CI [- 0.45, 0.01], p = .047), SOI Attitude (ρ = - .25, 95% CI [- 0.44, - 0.03], p = .031), and sexual desire (ρ = - .21, 95% CI [- 0.43, - 0,00], p = .082). However, these effects were no longer significant after including place of residence as a confounder (.42 < p < .91). These results highlight the importance of external conditions when investigating correlates of facial asymmetry.

افراد، افراد متقارن‌تر را جذاب‌تر ادراک می‌کنند؛ بنابراین، تقارن چهره با انتخاب همسر مرتبط دانسته شده است. ادراک شدن به عنوان فردی جذاب‌تر می‌تواند منافع غیرمستقیم تولیدمثلی زنان را که ناشی از تمایلات جنسی برجسته و افزایش جفت‌یابی است، افزایش دهد. تمایلات جنسی را می‌توان هم به صورت بلندمدت، از طریق جهت‌گیری اجتماعی-جنسی، و هم از طریق فعالیت و میل جنسی فعلی بررسی کرد. این مطالعه به بررسی رابطه بین عدم تقارن چهره و تمایلات جنسی زنان، با در نظر گرفتن وضعیت رابطه و محل سکونت (به دلیل تفاوت‌های احتمالی در عدم تقارن چهره بین زنان مناطق روستایی و شهری) پرداخت. تمایلات جنسی بلندمدت با استفاده از سه خرده‌مقیاس پرسشنامه جهت‌گیری اجتماعی-جنسی (SOI-R): رفتار، نگرش و میل، سنجیده شد. فعالیت و میل جنسی فعلی با سؤالاتی درباره فراوانی و شدت آن‌ها (بر اساس شاخص عملکرد جنسی زنان) ارزیابی شد. همبستگی‌های ساده، ارتباط منفی و ضعیفی را بین عدم تقارن چهره و تعداد شرکای جنسی در سال گذشته (ρ = - .23, 95% CI [- 0.45, 0.01], p = .047)، نگرش SOI (ρ = - .25, 95% CI [- 0.44, - 0.03], p = .031)، و میل جنسی (ρ = - .21, 95% CI [- 0.43, - 0,00], p = .082) نشان داد. با این حال، پس از وارد کردن محل سکونت به عنوان متغیر مخدوش‌کننده، این اثرات دیگر معنادار نبودند (.42 < p < .91). این نتایج بر اهمیت شرایط بیرونی در بررسی همبسته‌های عدم تقارن چهره تأکید می‌کند.