سالمندی

This survey aimed to examine the association between online social participation and attitudes toward aging among older adults within the Chinese socio‑cultural context. Stratified multi‑stage cluster sampling was adopted to obtain sample data. Multiple Linear Regression Model was employed to analyze the factors influencing older adults’ attitudes toward aging. Propensity Score Matching (PSM) was employed to estimate the Average Treatment Effect on the Treated (ATT) of online social participation on aging attitudes. (1) Among the 1,261 respondents, the mean score of attitude toward aging was 10.76 (SD = 5.55, possible range: 0‑20), with 45.0% reporting engagement in online social participation. (2) Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that online social participation, educational level, monthly income, marital status, chronic conditions, and self‑rated health were significant predictors of aging attitudes ( p < 0.01). (3) The ATT values estimated via kernel, radius and nearest neighbor methods were 1.6318, 1.5610 and 1.5549, respectively. (1) Older adults exhibit a relatively low overall level of online social participation, suggesting the necessity of further popularization and improvement. (2) Marital status, educational level, monthly income, self-rated health, and chronic conditions are significant influencing factors of aging attitudes among older adults. (3) Online social participation is significantly positively associated with older adults’ attitude toward aging.

Ageism is a widespread but often overlooked form of discrimination that can manifest both positively and negatively in healthcare. In clinical practice, discriminatory attitudes towards older adult can impact the quality and equality of medical care. Empathy plays a crucial role in mitigating such biases among physicians. This study aimed to evaluate the attitudes of family physicians toward age discrimination and to assess the relationship between these attitudes and physicians’ empathy levels, along with the influence of various sociodemographic factors. A descriptive, cross-sectional survey was conducted between May and August 2021 among family physicians, residents, and specialists working in Samsun, Turkey. Data were collected via online, phone, or face-to-face surveys using the Attitude Scale of Age Discrimination (ASAD) and the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy – Health Professional version (JSPE-HP). A total of 299 physicians participated. Participants exhibited high levels of empathy (mean JSPE: 81.6±9.49) and generally positive attitudes toward older adults (mean ASAD: 88.19±8.65). Age, gender, and professional experience significantly influenced both empathy and ageism scores. Older, female, and more experienced physicians showed more empathetic and less ageist attitudes. A statistically significant, low-level positive correlation was found between empathy and positive attitudes toward older adults.

Introduction This study examined the moderating role of positive emotion in the relationship between trait-like stress reactivity and negative emotion, and whether this moderating effect varies by cognitive performance and cognitive decline across nine years. Methods Using data from 2,041 participants in the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study (mean age = 65.52 years), hierarchical regression models were conducted to predict negative emotion from trait-like stress reactivity, positive emotion, and their interaction, controlling for age, gender, years of education, depressed mood, and neuroticism. Simple slope analyses were conducted to test the direction of significant interactions. Analyses were repeated within subgroups of cognitive performance and cognitive decline across 9 years. Results The interaction between positive emotion and trait-like stress reactivity was significant, with higher positive emotion associated with a weaker relationship between stress reactivity and negative emotion. This moderating effect was observed across low, moderate, and high cognitive performance groups; a three-way interaction further indicated that the moderating effect becomes stronger as cognitive performance increases. For cognitive decline, the moderating effect was significant only among individuals with relatively greater cognitive decline, although the three-way interaction was not significant. Conclusion Positive emotion may buffer the relationship between trait-level stress reactivity and negative emotion across the cognitive performance range, although this moderating effect appears weaker at lower cognitive performance. Findings for cognitive decline were less conclusive, as a subgroup-specific association among participants with greater decline was not confirmed when cognitive decline was analyzed as a continuous moderator.

Background Sleep duration is an important component of healthy aging, yet gender differences in short and long sleep among older adults remain insufficiently understood. This study aimed to examine gender differences in sleep duration among Chinese older adults and quantify the contributions of socioeconomic, behavioral, functional, and health-related factors to these differences. Methods Data were obtained from 9,590 adults aged ≥65 years who participated in the 2018 wave of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. Sleep duration was self-reported and categorized as short (<6 h), normal (6–8 h), or long (>8 h). Multinomial logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with short and long sleep, with weighted analyses and Poisson regression performed as sensitivity analyses. Separate Fairlie decomposition analyses were conducted for short and long sleep to quantify the contributions of observed characteristics to gender differences. Results Overall, 44.95% of participants had abnormal sleep duration, with a higher prevalence among women than men (46.87% vs. 42.66%, p < 0.001). Compared with men, women had a higher relative risk of short sleep (RRR = 1.399, 95% CI: 1.204–1.625) but a lower relative risk of long sleep (RRR = 0.856, 95% CI: 0.754–0.972). The association with short sleep remained significant in the weighted analysis (RRR = 1.530, 95% CI: 1.210–1.935), whereas the gender difference in long sleep was attenuated (RRR = 0.821, 95% CI: 0.661–1.021). For short sleep, observed characteristics explained 21.65% of the gender disparity. Education (22.75%), depressive symptoms (11.07%), IADL limitation (6.02%), and self-assessed health (4.82%) contributed positively to the disparity, whereas smoking status (−22.57%), drinking status (−12.45%), and exercise (−4.87%) partially offset it. The gender difference in long sleep was negligible, with substantial offsetting contributions across factors. Conclusion Gender differences in sleep duration among Chinese older adults were primarily concentrated in short sleep, with women experiencing a higher risk. Socioeconomic, behavioral, psychological, and functional characteristics contributed to this disparity, although most of the short-sleep difference remained unexplained. Gender-sensitive interventions addressing educational disadvantage, depressive symptoms, functional limitations, and health behaviors may help reduce inequalities in sleep duration among older adults.

Introduction Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) older adults in the United States (U.S.) face barriers to accessing health information and resources they need to make informed healthcare decisions. More resources are needed to promote their agency and preparedness to navigate an increasingly complex healthcare system and sociopolitical landscape. The purpose of this study was to develop a testable web-based resource to support informed healthcare decision-making for TGD older adults. Methods This multimethod co-design study integrated a human-centered design approach that centered the perspectives of TGD older adults in the research process. In the prototyping and testing phases of the study, TGD adults and multidisciplinary professionals from across the U.S. were enrolled to co-develop a web-based resource with the research team during individual and paired interviews. Participants also completed a demographic questionnaire and a website usability survey. Thematic analysis of qualitative data was used to identify design themes, which guided iterative prototyping of the web-based resource. Quantitative data were analyzed descriptively. Complementary data from the usability survey and participant interviews were integrated in a joint display. Results A total of 27 participants, of whom 14 (52%) were TGD older adults, enrolled in the prototyping and testing phases. Analysis of qualitative data across both phases yielded five design themes that structured the development of a functional web-based resource: (1) Facilitating healthcare decisions through information and resources; (2) Organizing complex content with clarity and inclusivity; (3) Maintaining security, accessibility, and navigability; (4) Phasing rollout to communities and organizations; and (5) Planning for leadership, stewardship, and partnership. In the prototyping phase, three low- and mid-fidelity prototypes of a health information and resources website for TGD older adults were developed. In the testing phase, participants trialed a mid-fidelity prototype of the website, and their recommendations for improvements were integrated into a high-fidelity prototype for dissemination. Conclusion This study is one of few studies using participatory methods to engage TGD older adults in public health research. Through the development of a health information and resources website, this study demonstrates an innovative and feasible community-based co-design approach to addressing barriers affecting healthcare decision-making for TGD older adults.

Background As global aging accelerates, age-related psychophysiological conditions have emerged as major public health concerns. Promoting and sustaining vitality, an inherent human capacity, is essential for healthy aging and long-term well-being. The Mindfulness-based Vitality Promotion (MVP) program is a mindfulness-based behavioral intervention designed to enhance physical and psychological vitality and support sustainable well-being. This study evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of the MVP program and explored preliminary pre–post changes in health-related outcomes among community-dwelling individuals in a lifelong learning setting. Methods This study employed a single-arm mixed-methods design. A total of 35 participants were recruited for this study. The MVP program was delivered over 8 weeks, with each session lasting 90 min. Quantitative data were collected through self-report questionnaires, and qualitative data were obtained via semi-structured interviews. Feasibility and acceptability were assessed based on program retention, session attendance, and participant satisfaction. Results Quantitative analysis revealed significant pre–post increases in integrative vitality and well-being, along with significant reductions in depression, fatigue, and anxiety. No statistically significant changes were observed in pain, sleep disturbance, digestive symptoms, anger, or mindfulness. Of the 35 enrolled participants, 31 completed the program (88.6%), with a mean attendance of 6.37 of eight sessions. Among the 30 satisfaction survey respondents, 28 (93.3%) indicated willingness to participate again and 30 (100%) indicated willingness to recommend the program to others. The qualitative analysis identified four major themes: (i) diverse life challenges and self-care needs, (ii) learning through experience, connection, and application, (iii) regaining balance and agency in life, and (iv) sustaining practice requires continued support. Conclusion Mixed-methods findings provide preliminary information regarding the feasibility and acceptability of the MVP program and indicate favorable pre–post changes in several self-reported health-related outcomes. The MVP program may represent a practical lifelong learning intervention with potential relevance for public health promotion. Further controlled studies are warranted to establish its efficacy. Trial registration The trial was first submitted to the Clinical Research Information Service, Republic of Korea (KCT0009961, https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/detailSearch.do?seq=28524&search_page=L ), on October 8, 2024, before participant enrollment began, and registration was finalized on November 28, 2024.

The article presents the content of a psychological program aimed at developing emotional intelligence, interpersonal relationships, and value orientations in older adults, as well as an analysis of its results. The program was developed based on the findings of a preliminary study of the psychological characteristics of older adults. The developmental activities included group discussions, situational tasks, role-playing exercises, narrative materials, and the analysis of personal experiences. The development of emotional intelligence focused primarily on enhancing emotional awareness, emotion regulation, self-motivation, and empathy. To improve interpersonal relationships, S. Karpman's Drama Triangle model was applied to help participants recognize the roles of the “Victim,” “Persecutor,” and “Rescuer” and develop constructive communication skills. The activities aimed at developing value orientations focused on raising awareness of the importance of health, honesty, mutual assistance, independence, responsibility, and tolerance. A comparative analysis of the data from the experimental and control groups made it possible to assess the effectiveness of the program. Research Object: The process of developing emotional intelligence, interpersonal relationships, and value orientations among older adults residing in care and support institutions. Research Aim: To develop and experimentally evaluate a psychological program aimed at developing emotional intelligence, interpersonal relationships, and value orientations in older adults.

Background/Aim: Ageism can influence the quality of geriatric dental care, yet evidence among dental students remains inconsistent across cohorts. This study compares ageism between students at two institutions within the same district sharing identical training requirements and evaluated the questionnaire's internal consistency. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the 15-item, six-component ageism questionnaire was administered online to 100 undergraduate dental students (65 from Institution 1; 35 from Institution 2). Internal consistency was measured using Cronbach's alpha; Welch's t-tests compared institutions, with a Bonferroni-adjusted significance level ≤ 0.008 for the six component comparisons. Results: The mean total score was 48.81 (SD 5.83). Overall internal consistency was weak (α = 0.521). The total score did not differ significantly between institutions (48.58 vs. 49.23; t (54.12) = 0.48, p = 0.634), and no component difference was observed with Bonferroni adjustment. Conclusions: Ageist attitudes did not differ between institutions, but the questionnaire's weak overall reliability limits interpretation. Larger samples, confirmatory factor analysis, and testing of measurement invariance are warranted.

This study investigates the relationships among sleep quality, social inclusion, and psychological resilience in older adults and examines whether social inclusion moderates the association between sleep quality and psychological resilience. Grounded in the Main Effect Model, social inclusion is conceptualized as a key psychosocial resource in later life. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 455 older adults in Türkiye. Data were collected using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Social Inclusion Scale, and the Psychological Hardiness Scale. Hierarchical multiple regression and moderation analyses were performed while controlling for demographic variables. Findings revealed a strong positive association between social inclusion and psychological resilience (r = .664, p < .001) and a negative association between sleep quality scores and resilience (r = –.305, p < .001). In regression analyses, social inclusion emerged as the strongest predictor of resilience (β = .60, p < .001), whereas sleep quality did not make a significant independent contribution. The interaction between sleep quality and social inclusion was not significant. The results highlight social inclusion as a primary psychosocial factor supporting resilience in later life and underscore the importance of strengthening social participation to promote psychological well-being among older adults.

این مطالعه به بررسی روابط میان کیفیت خواب، شمول اجتماعی و تاب‌آوری روان‌شناختی در سالمندان می‌پردازد و نقش تعدیل‌گری شمول اجتماعی در ارتباط بین کیفیت خواب و تاب‌آوری روان‌شناختی را مورد بررسی قرار می‌دهد. با تکیه بر مدل اثر اصلی، شمول اجتماعی به عنوان یک منبع روانی‌اجتماعی کلیدی در دوران سالمندی مفهوم‌سازی شده است. یک مطالعه مقطعی بر روی ۴۵۵ سالمند در ترکیه انجام شد. داده‌ها با استفاده از شاخص کیفیت خواب پیتسبورگ، مقیاس شمول اجتماعی و مقیاس سرسختی روان‌شناختی گردآوری گردید. تحلیل رگرسیون چندگانه سلسله‌مراتبی و تحلیل تعدیل‌گری با کنترل متغیرهای جمعیت‌شناختی انجام شد. یافته‌ها نشان دادند که بین شمول اجتماعی و تاب‌آوری روان‌شناختی ارتباط مثبت قوی وجود دارد (r = ۰.۶۶۴, p < ۰.۰۰۱) و بین نمرات کیفیت خواب و تاب‌آوری رابطه منفی مشاهده شد (r = –۰.۳۰۵, p < ۰.۰۰۱). در تحلیل‌های رگرسیونی، شمول اجتماعی به عنوان قوی‌ترین پیش‌بین تاب‌آوری ظاهر شد (β = ۰.۶۰, p < ۰.۰۰۱)، در حالی که کیفیت خواب سهم مستقل معناداری نداشت. تعامل بین کیفیت خواب و شمول اجتماعی معنادار نبود. نتایج، شمول اجتماعی را به عنوان عامل اصلی روانی‌اجتماعی حمایت‌کننده تاب‌آوری در سالمندی برجسته می‌سازد و بر اهمیت تقویت مشارکت اجتماعی برای ارتقای بهزیستی روان‌شناختی سالمندان تأکید می‌کند.

Objective: To explore how community-dwelling adults aged 80 years and older experience ageing well and the meanings they attribute to this experience.Materials and Methods: This qualitative study employed Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Twelve adults aged 82–100 years (six women and six men) were recruited using criterion and snowball sampling. Data were collected through in-depth interviews using a semi-structured interview guide, conducted in participants' homes, and analysed according to IPA principles.Results: Five interconnected themes emerged: living life on one's own terms, growing old without feeling alone, accepting life through faith, remaining active and productive, and finding meaning in life. Participants described ageing well not as the absence of disease or as complete independence, but as maintaining agency while receiving support when needed, preserving meaningful relationships, adapting to age-related changes, and sustaining a sense of purpose in everyday life. Ageing well was experienced as a dynamic process shaped by the interplay among individual capacities, relationships, and the environment.Conclusion: Ageing well among the oldest-old can coexist with age-related limitations and the need for support. Rather than depending on complete independence, it involves continuing to live in personally meaningful ways as circumstances change. These findings broaden conventional understandings of ageing well by foregrounding the lived experiences of the oldest-old and support gerontological approaches that recognise both individual agency and the relational and contextual conditions that enable it.

هدف: بررسی چگونگی تجربه سالمندی موفق توسط بزرگسالان ساکن جامعه با سن ۸۰ سال و بالاتر و معانی‌ای که به این تجربه نسبت می‌دهند. مواد و روش‌ها: این مطالعه کیفی با استفاده از تحلیل پدیدارشناسی تفسیری (IPA) انجام شد. دوازده بزرگسال با سنین ۸۲ تا ۱۰۰ سال (شش زن و شش مرد) با استفاده از نمونه‌گیری معیاری و گلوله‌برفی انتخاب شدند. داده‌ها از طریق مصاحبه‌های عمیق با راهنمای مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختاریافته در منازل شرکت‌کنندگان جمع‌آوری و بر اساس اصول IPA تحلیل شدند. یافته‌ها: پنج مضمون به‌هم‌پیوسته استخراج شد: زندگی بر اساس خواست و اراده شخصی، سالمند شدن بدون احساس تنهایی، پذیرش زندگی از طریق ایمان، فعال و مولد ماندن و یافتن معنا در زندگی. شرکت‌کنندگان سالمندی موفق را نه به عنوان فقدان بیماری یا استقلال کامل، بلکه به عنوان حفظ عاملیت در کنار دریافت حمایت در مواقع نیاز، حفظ روابط معنادار، سازگاری با تغییرات مرتبط با سن و تداوم احساس هدفمندی در زندگی روزمره توصیف کردند. سالمندی موفق به عنوان فرایندی پویا تجربه می‌شود که از تعامل میان ظرفیت‌های فردی، روابط و محیط شکل می‌گیرد. نتیجه‌گیری: سالمندی موفق در سالمندان بسیار سالمند می‌تواند همزمان با محدودیت‌های مرتبط با سن و نیاز به حمایت وجود داشته باشد. به جای تکیه بر استقلال کامل، این امر شامل ادامه زندگی به شیوه‌های معنادار شخصی با توجه به تغییر شرایط است. این یافته‌ها درک‌های متعارف از سالمندی موفق را با برجسته کردن تجارب زیسته سالمندان بسیار سالمند گسترش می‌دهد و از رویکردهای سالمندشناسی که هم به عاملیت فردی و هم به شرایط رابطه‌ای و زمینه‌ای مؤثر بر آن توجه دارند، حمایت می‌کند.

Abstract The delivery of social care to older adults in the UK faces major challenges. Growth in the numbers of oldest old, together with the prevalence of age-related diseases, will lead to substantial increases in demand for care. Meeting this demand requires a suitable policy response that provides adequate supplies of labour, both paid and unpaid, and appropriate capital resources: the highly undesirable alternative is escalating levels of unmet need. Whether new technology will mitigate this outcome remains unclear. The political economy of these issues is immensely challenging, which requires a holistic approach covering funding, capital and paid and unpaid care.

چکیده ارائه مراقبت اجتماعی به سالمندان در بریتانیا با چالش‌های عمده‌ای مواجه است. افزایش جمعیت سالمندان بسیار مسن، همراه با شیوع بیماری‌های مرتبط با سن، منجر به افزایش قابل توجهی در تقاضا برای مراقبت خواهد شد. پاسخ سیاستی مناسب برای تأمین این تقاضا مستلزم فراهم آوردن منابع کافی نیروی کار، چه دستمزدبگیر و چه داوطلب، و همچنین منابع سرمایه‌ای مناسب است؛ در غیر این صورت، پیامد بسیار نامطلوب، افزایش سطوح نیاز برآورده‌نشده خواهد بود. این‌که آیا فناوری‌های نوین می‌توانند این پیامد را کاهش دهند، همچنان نامشخص است. اقتصاد سیاسی این مسائل بسیار چالش‌برانگیز است و نیازمند رویکردی جامع در زمینه تأمین مالی، سرمایه و مراقبت دستمزدبگیر و داوطلبانه می‌باشد.

OBJECTIVE: The present study investigated Stroop interference effects in young adult and older deaf American Sign Language (ASL) and English bilinguals with ASL and English stimuli. METHOD: Deaf ASL-English bilinguals (n = 108; aged 21-88) signed their responses in two computerized Stroop tasks, one with ASL videos of color signs and one with printed English color words. Participants saw 120 trials in each language with 84 congruent and 36 incongruent trials. RESULTS: Even though participants responded in ASL in both tasks, Stroop effects were larger with English than with ASL stimuli in both response times (RTs) and errors, a pattern of results not typically seen in spoken-language bilinguals (in which Stroop effects are often smaller between-languages than within-languages). Older participants showed larger Stroop effects than younger participants, especially in English RTs. Aging effects in error rates were not significant in either language. CONCLUSIONS: The finding of larger Stroop effects in deaf signers with English rather than ASL stimuli suggests a possibly critical role for modality of presentation in eliciting Stroop effects. Additional work is needed to determine why English is more sensitive to aging effects in deaf signers, and which language will be most sensitive for detecting cognitive impairment in this population.

هدف: پژوهش حاضر اثرات تداخل استروپ را در بزرگسالان جوان و سالمند ناشنوای دوزبانه زبان اشاره آمریکایی (ASL) و انگلیسی با محرک‌های ASL و انگلیسی بررسی کرد. روش: دوزبانه‌های ناشنوای ASL-انگلیسی (n = 108؛ دامنه سنی ۲۱ تا ۸۸ سال) پاسخ‌های خود را در دو تکلیف رایانه‌ای استروپ، یکی با ویدئوهای ASL از نشانه‌های رنگ و دیگری با واژه‌های رنگ چاپی انگلیسی، به صورت اشاره‌ای ارائه دادند. شرکت‌کنندگان در هر زبان ۱۲۰ آزمون مشاهده کردند که شامل ۸۴ آزمون همخوان و ۳۶ آزمون ناهمخوان بود. یافته‌ها: اگرچه شرکت‌کنندگان در هر دو تکلیف به زبان اشاره پاسخ دادند، اثرات استروپ با محرک‌های انگلیسی نسبت به ASL هم در زمان واکنش (RTs) و هم در خطاها بزرگ‌تر بود؛ الگویی که معمولاً در دوزبانه‌های گفتاری مشاهده نمی‌شود (که در آن اثرات استروپ اغلب بین‌زبان‌ها کوچک‌تر از درون‌زبان‌ها است). شرکت‌کنندگان سالمند نسبت به جوان‌ترها اثرات استروپ بزرگ‌تری نشان دادند، به‌ویژه در زمان واکنش انگلیسی. اثرات سالمندی در نرخ خطا در هیچ‌یک از زبان‌ها معنادار نبود. نتیجه‌گیری: یافته اثرات استروپ بزرگ‌تر در ناشنوایان اشاره‌گر با محرک‌های انگلیسی نسبت به ASL، نقش احتمالی مهمی برای شیوه ارائه محرک‌ها در ایجاد اثر استروپ پیشنهاد می‌کند. پژوهش‌های بیشتری لازم است تا مشخص شود چرا زبان انگلیسی نسبت به اثرات سالمندی در ناشنوایان اشاره‌گر حساس‌تر است و کدام زبان برای شناسایی اختلال شناختی در این جمعیت حساس‌تر خواهد بود.

The rise of senior influencers on social media is contributing to the reconfiguration of public representations of ageing, challenging ageist stereotypes, and promoting more positive representations of later life. This study explores the emergence of older influencers in Spain, their role in negotiating ageist representations, and in fostering a more inclusive digital environment. An exploratory-descriptive study was conducted, analysing 40 older influencers active on Instagram, TikTok, YouTube, and X. Impact metrics were assessed using Social Blade and Fan Page Karma. Content analysis of 20,370 coded contributions and 12,009 comments identified key attributes and instances of ageist language. Results indicate that Instagram is the dominant platform for women aged +55 focused on fashion, while TikTok is preferred by influencers aged +75 for humorous content. Influencers on X engage with smaller, niche audiences through written posts, whereas Instagram enables broader reach with visually appealing content. Female influencers often employ self-deprecating humour to challenge age and gender stereotypes. Their growing presence highlights the capabilities of older people, offering alternative narratives of later life and social inclusion. This study's strengths lie in its multi-platform approach and the combination of quantitative and qualitative analyses, which provide a comprehensive and nuanced understanding of senior influencers in Spain. These findings underscore the need for further research into the potential of older influencers as advocates for a more age diverse digital culture.

ظهور اینفلوئنسرهای سالمند در شبکه‌های اجتماعی به بازپیکربندی بازنمایی‌های عمومی از سالمندی، به چالش کشیدن کلیشه‌های سن‌گرایانه و ترویج بازنمایی‌های مثبت‌تر از زندگی در سنین بالا کمک می‌کند. این پژوهش به بررسی ظهور اینفلوئنسرهای سالمند در اسپانیا، نقش آن‌ها در مذاکره با بازنمایی‌های سن‌گرایانه و همچنین تقویت محیط دیجیتال فراگیرتر می‌پردازد. یک مطالعه اکتشافی-توصیفی انجام شد که در آن ۴۰ اینفلوئنسر سالمند فعال در اینستاگرام، تیک‌تاک، یوتیوب و X مورد تحلیل قرار گرفتند. شاخص‌های تأثیرگذاری با استفاده از Social Blade و Fan Page Karma ارزیابی شد. تحلیل محتوای ۲۰٬۳۷۰ مشارکت کدگذاری‌شده و ۱۲٬۰۰۹ نظر، ویژگی‌های کلیدی و نمونه‌های زبان سن‌گرایانه را شناسایی کرد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد اینستاگرام پلتفرم غالب برای زنان بالای ۵۵ سال با تمرکز بر مد است، در حالی که تیک‌تاک توسط اینفلوئنسرهای بالای ۷۵ سال برای محتوای طنزآمیز ترجیح داده می‌شود. اینفلوئنسرهای X با مخاطبان کوچک‌تر و خاص‌تر از طریق پست‌های نوشتاری تعامل دارند، در حالی که اینستاگرام امکان دسترسی گسترده‌تر با محتوای بصری جذاب را فراهم می‌کند. اینفلوئنسرهای زن اغلب از طنز خودانتقادی برای به چالش کشیدن کلیشه‌های سنی و جنسیتی استفاده می‌کنند. حضور رو به رشد آن‌ها توانمندی‌های سالمندان را برجسته کرده و روایت‌های جایگزینی از زندگی در سنین بالا و شمول اجتماعی ارائه می‌دهد. نقاط قوت این پژوهش در رویکرد چندپلتفرمی و ترکیب تحلیل‌های کمی و کیفی است که درک جامع و ظریفی از اینفلوئنسرهای سالمند در اسپانیا ارائه می‌دهد. این یافته‌ها بر لزوم پژوهش‌های بیشتر درباره ظرفیت اینفلوئنسرهای سالمند به عنوان مدافعان فرهنگی دیجیتال متنوع از نظر سنی تأکید می‌کند.

This study investigated the extent to which the social and environmental features of tourism destinations could support senior tourists' walking, and the emotions and responses evoked. Semistructured face-to-face interviews were conducted with 29 senior tourists who visited Macao (China). The results revealed that enhancing the usefulness, safety, and comfort of the physical environment; improving the aesthetics of architecture and decoration; and providing interesting visual stimulation and a friendly atmosphere would encourage senior tourists to walk more. Perceived walkability evoked positive emotions and led to more movement, longer times spent on the streets, increased spending, and recommendations to others. This study highlights the importance of person–environment fit to promote walking. Practical implications are offered.

این مطالعه به بررسی میزان حمایت ویژگی‌های اجتماعی و محیطی مقاصد گردشگری از پیاده‌روی گردشگران سالمند و هیجانات و واکنش‌های برانگیخته‌شده پرداخت. مصاحبه‌های نیمه‌ساختاریافته حضوری با ۲۹ گردشگر سالمندی که از ماکائو (چین) بازدید کرده بودند، انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که افزایش کارآمدی، ایمنی و راحتی محیط فیزیکی؛ بهبود زیبایی‌شناسی معماری و تزئینات؛ و فراهم‌سازی تحریک بصری جالب و فضای دوستانه می‌تواند گردشگران سالمند را به پیاده‌روی بیشتر تشویق کند. قابلیت پیاده‌روی ادراک‌شده، هیجانات مثبت را برانگیخت و منجر به تحرک بیشتر، صرف زمان طولانی‌تر در خیابان‌ها، افزایش هزینه‌کرد و توصیه مقصد به دیگران شد. این مطالعه بر اهمیت تناسب فرد–محیط برای ارتقای پیاده‌روی تأکید می‌کند. پیامدهای عملی نیز ارائه شده است.

BACKGROUND: Although virtual supports may promote engagement with brain-healthy lifestyle behaviours among aging adults, few are designed with the needs of end-users in mind. OBJECTIVE: This qualitative study explored the needs and preferences of integrating virtual peer support into brain health programs among Canadian adults aged 55 years and older. METHODS: = 18 women) were conducted and analyzed using thematic analysis. FINDINGS: Participants discussed different brain-healthy behaviours and outlined barriers and facilitators to maintaining a brain-healthy lifestyle. Most women reported perceived differences in experiences between genders, whereas most men did not perceive any gender differences in terms of brain-healthy lifestyles. Participants indicated interest in virtual supports that provide education on brain health, include peer support, promote social engagement, and empower aging adults to maintain autonomy. DISCUSSION: Findings underscore the importance of designing person-centered and gender-responsive virtual brain health programs that reflect aging adults' lived experiences to foster resilience.

زمینه: اگرچه حمایت‌های مجازی می‌تواند مشارکت در رفتارهای سبک زندگی مرتبط با سلامت مغز را در میان بزرگسالان سالمند ارتقا دهد، اما تعداد کمی از این حمایت‌ها با در نظر گرفتن نیازهای کاربران نهایی طراحی شده‌اند. هدف: این مطالعه کیفی به بررسی نیازها و ترجیحات ادغام حمایت همتای مجازی در برنامه‌های سلامت مغز در میان بزرگسالان کانادایی ۵۵ ساله و بالاتر پرداخت. روش‌ها: مصاحبه‌های نیمه‌ساختاریافته با ۱۸ زن انجام و با استفاده از تحلیل تماتیک بررسی شد. یافته‌ها: شرکت‌کنندگان رفتارهای مختلف مرتبط با سلامت مغز را مورد بحث قرار دادند و موانع و تسهیل‌کننده‌های حفظ سبک زندگی سالم برای مغز را بیان کردند. اکثر زنان تفاوت‌های ادراک‌شده‌ای را در تجارب بین جنسیت‌ها گزارش کردند، در حالی که اکثر مردان تفاوتی از نظر سبک زندگی سالم برای مغز بین جنسیت‌ها احساس نکردند. شرکت‌کنندگان به حمایت‌های مجازی که آموزش درباره سلامت مغز ارائه می‌دهد، شامل حمایت همتایان است، تعامل اجتماعی را ترویج می‌کند و بزرگسالان سالمند را برای حفظ خودمختاری توانمند می‌سازد، علاقه نشان دادند. بحث: یافته‌ها بر اهمیت طراحی برنامه‌های مجازی سلامت مغز با محوریت فرد و پاسخگو به جنسیت که بازتاب‌دهنده تجارب زیسته بزرگسالان سالمند باشد و تاب‌آوری را تقویت کند، تأکید دارد.

This study was carried out to create a management model for health recreational centers for older adults in Thailand; the country now has a super-aged society, with the elderly having reached 20% of the population in 2024. The researchers tested the model using three methods: interviews with 7 experts, a survey of 400 people, and a focus group discussion with 15 specialists. Exploratory factor analysis was used to analyze the data, with Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) values in the range of 0.80–0.90 and statistically significant Bartlett’s Test results (p < 0.05), which showed that the data were suitable for analysis. The result has two main parts: Business Management, with 4 parts, and Organizational Management, with 3 parts; these 7 main components, have 18 sub-components, and 48 minor components. The model is based on two ideas well-known in business, the 7Ps marketing mix and the McKinsey 7-S framework. The 15 specialists rated the model as highly appropriate, giving it a mean appropriateness score of 4.95 using a five-point Likert scale, which is well above the minimum pass score of 3.50. The model will serve as a working guide for center operators looking to improve digital services for older adults.

این پژوهش با هدف ایجاد یک مدل مدیریت برای مراکز تفریحی سلامت‌محور ویژه سالمندان در تایلند انجام شده‌است؛ کشوری که اکنون به یک جامعه فوق سالمند تبدیل شده و جمعیت سالمندان در سال ۲۰۲۴ به ۲۰٪ رسیده‌است. پژوهشگران مدل مذکور را با استفاده از سه روش مورد آزمون قرار دادند: مصاحبه با ۷ نفر از خبرگان، پیمایش ۴۰۰ نفر و بحث گروهی متمرکز با ۱۵ متخصص. برای تحلیل داده‌ها از تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی استفاده شد و مقادیر شاخص KMO در بازه ۰٫۸۰ تا ۰٫۹۰ و نتایج آزمون Bartlett (p < 0.05) که از لحاظ آماری معنادار بود، نشان داد که داده‌ها برای تحلیل مناسب هستند. نتیجه پژوهش دارای دو بخش اصلی است: مدیریت کسب‌وکار (شامل ۴ بخش) و مدیریت سازمانی (شامل ۳ بخش)؛ این ۷ مؤلفه اصلی، دارای ۱۸ زیرمؤلفه و ۴۸ مؤلفه فرعی هستند. مدل ارائه‌شده مبتنی بر دو ایده شناخته‌شده در حوزه کسب‌وکار، یعنی آمیخته بازاریابی 7Ps و چارچوب McKinsey 7-S است. ۱۵ متخصص، مدل را از نظر میزان تناسب بسیار بالا ارزیابی کردند و میانگین امتیاز تناسب آن را ۴٫۹۵ در مقیاس لیکرت پنج‌درجه‌ای اعلام کردند که به‌مراتب بالاتر از حداقل نمره قبولی ۳٫۵۰ است. این مدل به‌عنوان راهنمای عملیاتی برای مدیران مراکز جهت ارتقاء خدمات دیجیتال به سالمندان مورد استفاده قرار خواهد گرفت.